Assignment 2 Part 2

To continue from the previous post, here is the findings that I've come to learn and understand about the roofing. Further understanding the problems and it root causes, at the same time learning the process of repair.

Inadequate Shading and Roofing
Of the many known causes of roofing problems, I’ve come to identify and highlight several. Here is a list of the common areas where it occurs; you may find that the findings may vary which could be because of different area. However, presented to you, are the most repeated of the scenarios.



Weathering

Roof material deteriorates quicker with the direct exposure to weather. This causes organic materials to be more susceptible to the elements compared to Inorganic materials. Exposure to pollutants or industrial atmosphere has also been proven to accelerate the decay of your roofing material.

Lack of Maintenance
This is most common on sloped roofs. Failure to correct uneven roof will result in the  accumulation of sediments and water that will eventually destroy your material. It is matters like this that compromises the integrity of its structure in the long haul.

Design Problems

Unlike the other issues, design related problems on its own poses as a major hurdle. First of all, it is an expensive business to correct and error that regards the shape. To follow, normally corrections are executed while the replacement of roofing material is undergoing.
Some examples are:

  • Weak structure supporting the roof that might deflect excessively under active loads.
  • Improper roof slope, sagging roof or inadequate drainage system will cause an accumulation of water.
  • System that is incorrectly organized to allow expansion and contraction at changes in deck material or changes in direction.
  • Incompatible roof materials.

Wind
The vacuum and the uplifting pressure created by wind, can partially rip the roofing pieces or system that has been installed. The roofing and insulation must be fastened and attached to the main roof structure to counteract the forces that are being exerted on the roof.

Solutions

Flashing Material

Image result for roof flashings
Above is an image of a sheet of flashing. The function of the flashing is to provide a seal, a watertight seal, between roofing materials, roof sections and other parts of the building. An area that should be carefully inspected prior to any other areas. Incorrect installation procedure or attachment, and improper sealing of the flashing will allow the water to enter between the roofing systems and the roof structure. Sometimes, installing a flashing over a joint or cap will eliminate the problem if it is detected early in the construction.

To relate to the site observation. Of those that are mentioned on the above, a few issues has come forward in light of the results.

These are images from the assessment that I have gathered. As a note, the research that I have come to obtain includes an interview with a contractor; as I’ve found that having the experience from the man on “the ground” presents a work perspective. Another aspect to keep in mind is that this differs greatly because it is a condominium, not a single house. Condominiums are pre-developed, already having its systems in-built so problems like this would have to be referred to the building management. Meaning protocol would be different compared to repairing a house on its own.

On a different aspect, if a house were to have such issues, here are the solutions.
For Minor and Temporary repairs, workers will determine where the gaps that are needed to be covered. Then using a sheet of metal flashing, they permanently pin it to tiles, not forgetting to apply a coat of sealant to ensure it is airtight.

Major repairs and fixtures.
The first step into to mending this problem is to remove the tiles from the desired area, however if the leakage appears to be revealing around significant areas, it is most likely for it to be removed completely. Then they lay a covering of galvanized flashing sheet to prevent any further punctures or leakages before laying a fresh set of roof tiles onto it. It depends on whether the tiles need be changed. The condition of the tiles will be assessed, but if it displays signs of cracking and shrinkage, it will be disposed.

Above shows the complete fix. You can see that they have also installed a cap over the firewall(The wall separating two house. This new addition will prevent future occurrence, if there were to be heavy rain. The tight seal of the cap and the extended gutters will protect water from entering small pockets of gaps (if there are). It also shields it from the harsh weather, which can wear out the adhesive(water resistant sealant, Silicone Sealant)quicker causing it to be exposed. The Common places for water to seep in would be at joints between pipes, edges of the gutters againts the roof, etc. The common practice for the gutter extensions at the firewall is to be put out between 250mm to 350mm from the firewall. However, due to our heavy weather condition, a more suitable lenght would be 400mm to 500mm.

This costing is based on an actual repair of a house site.
Calculation for a minor repair

Material total  :   Rm 200   (Metal flashing + Silicone sealant)
Labour charges:  Rm 50 per person (2 man team)

Total cost : Rm300

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